Extended and Altered Chords
Ninths, elevenths and thirteenths
Dominant ninth
- Symbol
- C9
- Formula
- 1 3 5 ♭7 9
- From C
- C E G B♭ D
- Where it is used
- A dominant seventh with the ninth added.
Major ninth
- Symbol
- Cmaj9
- Formula
- 1 3 5 7 9
- From C
- C E G B D
- Where it is used
- A major seventh chord with the ninth added.
Minor ninth
- Symbol
- Cm9
- Formula
- 1 ♭3 5 ♭7 9
- From C
- C E♭ G B♭ D
- Where it is used
- A minor seventh chord with the ninth added.
Dominant flat ninth
- Symbol
- C7♭9
- Formula
- 1 3 5 ♭7 ♭9
- From C
- C E G B♭ D♭
- Where it is used
- The usual dominant color when resolving to a minor chord.
Dominant sharp ninth
- Symbol
- C7♯9
- Formula
- 1 3 5 ♭7 ♯9
- From C
- C E G B♭ D♯
- Where it is used
- The major third clashes with the raised ninth; common in blues, funk and rock.
Dominant eleventh
- Symbol
- C11
- Formula
- 1 3 5 ♭7 9 11
- From C
- C E G B♭ D F
- Where it is used
- Usually voiced without the third to avoid the E–F clash.
Minor eleventh
- Symbol
- Cm11
- Formula
- 1 ♭3 5 ♭7 9 11
- From C
- C E♭ G B♭ D F
- Where it is used
- A rich minor color in modal jazz.
Dominant thirteenth
- Symbol
- C13
- Formula
- 1 3 5 ♭7 9 13
- From C
- C E G B♭ D A
- Where it is used
- The eleventh is left out; players often omit the fifth or ninth too.
Major thirteenth
- Symbol
- Cmaj13
- Formula
- 1 3 5 7 9 13
- From C
- C E G B D A
- Where it is used
- An extended major color; the symbol does not fix one voicing.
Minor thirteenth
- Symbol
- Cm13
- Formula
- 1 ♭3 5 ♭7 9 11 13
- From C
- C E♭ G B♭ D F A
- Where it is used
- The full stack of thirds; real voicings leave several tones out.
Seventh sharp eleven
- Symbol
- C7♯11
- Formula
- 1 3 5 ♭7 ♯11
- From C
- C E G B♭ F♯
- Where it is used
- The Lydian dominant color; a ninth is often added.
Other chapters: Triads · Sixths and Added Notes · Seventh Chords · Major and Minor Scales · The Modes · Pentatonic and Blues · Symmetrical Scales · Jazz Scales · Color Scales
Chord symbols and voicings vary by style. No chord–scale pairing is right in every context.
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